Warehouse Management System

In a WMS, we aim to observe the maximized profits with a minimized cost with certain computerized procedures to enable a seamless process of warehouse operation. With the above consideration, we come up with 4 main special features that are essential to be equipped in the WMS. First of all, we need to have barcode labeling for all the stocks in the warehouse in order to identify each product, keep record in the system and find them out easily.It is necessary for us to have detailed information of every stock in the warehouse by simply identifying the barcode labels with wireless inventory scanner, which could save time, reduce paper work and greatly increase the productivity and accuracy when handling stocks. Barcode labeling is fundamental for WMS as we need to keep tracking the stocks throughout the whole warehouse operation process. Secondly, we think that efficiency is also an undeniable element in WMS, which we consider auto-conveyer as one of our choice of special features to e nhance the efficiency.Auto-conveyor could reduce the need of man power and it is much speedy than the manually controlled way when moving stocks as it could quickly retrieve wanted items. Auto conveyor could also handle some simple sorting and identification work, which greatly reduce the need of manpower. Thirdly, virtual warehouse would be our core feature in the WMS, it acts as an important role in both order management and put away and packing. It provides a comprehensive physical view of the warehouse. With a virtual warehouse, we could have a clear idea of the operating warehouse through the browser.It could facilitate the decision making in the WMS as we could control a lot of process with a virtual warehouse. Indeed, a virtual warehouse is a system that involved a lot of components, but we are now focusing on the order management and the put away and picking management. With WMS, orders could be generated easily on the internet as the information of customers, suppliers and the stocks are kept in the system. It is convenient to add items, notes and select the customer or supplier for your purchase or sales order.This may improve the efficiency and is environmentally friendly when compared with the paper file. It is much less time-consuming to find out the order and customer information. For the put away management, the WMS could utilize the optimum locations for the stocks received in the warehouse automatically. Also in the picking management, the WMS could decide the best location for picking. With this system, we do not have to waste time on finding storage location, while having a greater control in the allocation of resources and facilitates time management.In fact, the virtual warehouse could not work alone, while barcode labeling and auto-conveyor assisted the virtual warehouse a lot in the stance of automation and computerization. They three are interrelated and the virtual warehouse is in the leading position among them, which means it is impo rtant in connecting different parts of a warehouse and make the WMS works. Although the above 3 special features has provide us convenience, efficiency and accuracy, we could not fully rely on a computerized system but to have a feature that could reduce our mistakes to the minimum, ideally, zero mistake.Thus the last feature we include in our WMS is cycle counting. Cycle counting reduces the need for the time-consuming and costly process of shutting down the manufacturing process in order to count inventory, which the inventory auditing procedure is carried out according to a continuous schedule. The result would be a more accurate calculation of stocks in the warehouse. To conclude, we think these four features are able to make a WMS that could control material movement efficiently and most possibly making the maximum profit.

Bad Coaching

Bad Coaching Bad coaching is a generalized term used for several effects that are considered depraved decisions made by any coach on and off the field. Such decisions can result in players having a lack of respect for the coach, game losses, the coach being fired, and a tainted reputation of coaching. Coaching is only difficult to those who are not willing to sacrifice the time and energy that goes into being a suitable coach. Coaching is not an average job. It is easier to be an unfitting coach then a decent coach. Lack of respect comes from the coach not initiating the correct form of relationship between the player and coach.It’s not inappropriate to develop a friendship with the players on the team as well, but the coach must set the boundaries between the two relationships. If not, the player or players will not respect the coach and nor take responsibility to see the vision of creating a successful team. The players will do as they see fit, disregarding what the coach sa ys what needs to get done. Creating a proper bond with boundaries is a must in gaining the respect of the players. Game losses originate from the coach not having control over the players and being incapable of keeping them focus on the main goal.With the players unable to focus, they will most likely get into altercations with other players of the opposing team and even with their own. Game losses are not something to boast about. Enabling the players to focus will minimize the number of losses in a season. The last results of bad coaching are being fired and have a tainted reputation of coaching. These results seemingly come from the showing of no control over the players and most importantly to some organizations losing records. Being fired is very embarrassing, as being terminated from any job.After being fired, it damages the reputation of the coach. For the coach, it will be more difficult to obtain another job. Reputation is everything in search for a coaching job. Being fire d and having the reputation of a bad coach will make it nearly impossible to recover from. In conclusion, Coaching is not a hard job. Coaching is only hard to those who are not willing to put in the long hours and patients to making the job easy. Be sure not to make any mistakes as so many coaches have done in the past. The lives can be altered if not done properly.

Barriers To Sustainable Tourism Developments Tourism Essay

Barriers To Sustainable Tourism Developments Tourism Essay Introduction Tourism is highly known as one of the world’s fastest growing industries and become the major contributor to the country’s economic growth in terms foreign exchange earnings and creates job opportunities in both large and small communities. Hence, the increasing economic importance of tourism has captured the attention and interest in most developing countries. However, people have not been thinking about the range of impacts resulted from tourism which is broad and could even negatively impact on the destination community. The uncontrolled rapid growth of tourism can poses a significant threat towards the environment and social community in other words tourism can result serious environmental and social-cultural problems. Therefore, in a way to controlled and minimize the negative impacts of tourism, sustainable tourism development need to be achieved. Sustainable tourism today become highly important in the tourism industry and it is important to encoura ge more people to travel green and to ensure that the tourism is environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable. Many destinations have also recognized the importance of achieving sustainable tourism development. However, for many developing countries worldwide sustainable tourism has not properly been translated into wide practice and there can be economic, social, and physical barriers that tend to pose great hindrances to sustainable development. In order to determine how the tourism industry can move towards sustainability, it is important to examine the barriers that hinder sustainable tourism, and then develop strategies to reduce the barriers. Thus, aim of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the barriers of implementing sustainability initiatives and achieving sustainable tourism development particularly in Gili Trawangan, Indonesia. 2.0 Literature Review on Sustainable Tourism Tourism is a significant global industry with a huge impact towards the environment. Tou rism is also the world’s largest industry, with total receipts from the international tourism equaling US $682 billion (WTO, 2006). The tourism industry also employs an estimated of 10 percent of the global workforce and capital formation. Due to this significance of this industry and that environmental degradation has impacted most tourism destinations; the need to implement more sustainable practices has come to forefront of global issues (Graci, 2004). The need to plan for tourism in a sustainable manner is evident through the developments that have occurred worldwide since the United Nations Conference on Environment Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. In the conference, tourism was identified as one of the five main industries in need for achieving sustainable development (Theobald 1998, Budeanu 1999, Pryce 2001). The World Tourism Organization, World Travel and Tourism Council, and the Earth Council published Agenda 21 for the travel and tourism industry in 1 995, which this document aimed to establish systems and procedure to incorporate sustainable development considerations into the decision making process of tourism activities. It also highly emphasized the importance of partnership between tourism industry and government and demonstrated the benefits of making the whole industry sustainable, not only just the niche ecotourism sector (Pryce, 2001). The idea of sustainable tourism has its roots in the concept of sustainable development, defined by the Brundtland Commission as ‘development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs’ (World Commission on Environment and Development 1987). Other effective adoption or concept of ecologically sustainable tourism, defined by the World Tourism Organization (2002) is:

Hospitality Company Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hospitality Company - Research Paper Example The company’s values include customer satisfaction. In order to achieve this, the company promises to offer a wide array of services and tailor others whenever possible in order to enhance customer satisfaction. The company takes customer’s suggestions seriously and has a functional customer service department to deal with the complaints and suggestions from the customers. This way, it interacts with its customers thereby ensuring that it keeps abreast with the prevailing trends in the market thereby beating its competition. My call portrayed the seriousness with which the company responds to every call. As stated earlier, the line did not keep me waiting. The phone rang for about three seconds before the attendant respondent. Given the large number of customers the company serves on a daily basis, it was right to assume that the company has an efficient customer service. The woman observed all the etiquette beginning with a salutation and according to the time to speak to her. As irrelevant as my call could have sounded, she did not express any disgust. Instead, she responded and tried to explain the company’s vision the best way she could. She did not refer to any literature yet her explanation represented all the vital points in the company’s vision as presented on the website and other marketing literature materials. The attendant did not rush me at any time. Instead, she answered my questions and proceeded to ask if I had any other. This proved the company’s commitment to customer satisfaction.

Discussion Board 1-2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Discussion Board 1-2 - Assignment Example Problems facing children are likely to be due to the mistakes of the parents (Nichols, 2013). However, blaming parents openly has clinical consequences that therapists need to observe to ensure effectiveness of treatment. A therapist can blame parents for problems of their children due to various motives. One of the motives is when parents especially a mother involved in uncontrolled drinking habit with little time to guide a child. The child then becomes desperate of love and care, and consequently walks out to explore alternatives to enable survival. It is under such circumstances that a child may learn improper behaviors and conducts, which may result serious family problems (Nichols, 2013). Another motive that may make a therapist blame a mother for the problems facing a child relates to situations where the mother formed a triangle relationship with a child against father or other family members. A mother forming triangle relationship with a child is likely to discuss negative issues, which are usually inappropriate for the age of a child. This kind of relationship can make a child become schizophrenic or withdraw socially depending on the nature of information shared. Nichols (2013) warns that blaming any individual in the process of family therapy may compromise the entire treatment. Blaming a family such a mother may pile all the problems faced a family on the mother and encourage other members to hate the former. Hatred in families is undesirable and may only work to scuttle and ruin entire system of a family. The move by a therapist to blame a parent on problems of a child may also lead to early withdrawal or discourage active participation of the victim in the treatment

Economics of Asia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Economics of Asia - Essay Example As the authors point out, the reformation process was spurred by popular demands for change leading to a more ‘capitalist’ form of economy with Chinese attributes. This form of capitalism was advocated by the higher Chinese elites who did not want to lose but perhaps wanted to expand their shares in the wealth of the country. It is explained that the move towards capitalism was driven more by greed although it monetarily benefitted the elites far more than before. The socialist economic policies of Mao’s era were characterized by centralized decision making, no private ownership of the means of production, large industries, and political control over the people through parties. Dissatisfaction with the ongoing political, social, and economic trends, the people demonstrated their anger and frustration as their social and economic life declined. Mao’s era of government played a vital role in paving the way for socialist reformation. The period saw increased production despite several large unrests in the country. Production output plunged dramatically although the agricultural relatively lagged behind in terms of its pace of develo pment. Despite growth in production outputs and the overall economy, China still faced a lot of economic problems by the end of Mao’s era. Since the economic decision making was extremely centralized, the market could not efficiently and productively respond to the needs and wants of the people. While some goods were produced in large quantities, others were under-produced. As Hart-Landberg argues, while China has experienced rapid and a remarkably high growth rate while maintaining its growth, its success cannot be considered in isolation with the wider aspects of its economic transformation process (35). While many countries may view the Chinese economic policies as a model for successful economic growth, the economic strategy of China should not be accounted

Leadership and management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Leadership and management - Assignment Example This particular report is based on a case study that involves a hospital trust that has been encountering severe problems with regard to its management and leadership at all levels, thus affecting the overall performance and effectiveness of the organization. A change in the organizational structure and leadership has been proposed where I being the Learning & Development (L&D) manager, along with the selected HR Director, would determine the impact of the current structure on the new changes that are being proposed, thereby trying to recommend measures to reduce the effects of such risks and impacts. Some of the major issues that are reflected from the case include the ineffectiveness of the trust’s leadership, management and hierarchical structure of organization, the culture of divisive inward looking, as well as the ineffectiveness of the doctors and generalist managers to deal with budgets and personnel. The new changes would include increased engagement of the employees, improved customer services, reformation of human resource management and development, and also focus more on the function of learning and development. 2. Impact of the Present Structure and Culture on the Changes Being Proposed: The Need and Positive Effects of the Changes: Considering the role of the leaders and the human resources (HR) managers, it is needed to be mentioned here that practices of HR within an organization determine to a large extent the activities and measurement of performances and decide on the styles of leadership that need to be followed within the organization. With changes in the organizational structure, leadership, culture there are significant effects on the organization and its employees that are associated with the changes. For example, for existing employees, adaptation to new organizational structure, leadership, HR practices and new culture become difficult (Searle and Skinner 2011). Downsizing and redundancy are two major issues occurring as a resu lt that has been in the case of the hospital trust in concern. With different work experience, the efficiency of work by the existing employees is likely to be further affected (Searle and Skinner 2011). As far as codes of National Health Service (NHS) are concerned, it is essential that all personnel can act accountably for all their acts and performances. Honesty is a major factor that every employee should follow. Without such accountability, professional standards among the hospital trust cannot be achieved (Code of Conduct- Code of Accountability in the NHS n.d.). With the case of the hospital trust in concern, it can be realized that an inward-looking culture that prevails in the trust where doctors do not find themselves being ineffective in dealing with budgets and people, thus not being accountable. In addition they consider the generalist managers as ineffective and look down to them. Such actions reflect very less chances of improvement unless the behaviors of the members change. However, as the new team of HR and I, together plan for new recruitment, the problem that can arise is with the negative performances of those employees who stay. There is also

Find a good website containing information about Louis XIV, the Sun Essay

Find a good website containing information about Louis XIV, the Sun King as a Dancer. (Middle Ages and Renaissance) - Essay Example also started and sponsored many schools and academies during his reign, to teach court dancers, who practiced this dance form under the tutelage of some of the best dancers and composers of those time. One particular thing about court ballet was that they were danced solely by men, without any participation of women dancers. This webpage is published by Maxine Mahon, the Director of California Ballet. California Ballet is a San Diego based ballet company, that promotes performances affiliated to the classical ballet art form. Thereby, the information given on this web page is credible and authentic. The intended purpose of the information given on this web page is to introduce the ballet lovers to the history of ballet art form. This web page being published on 24 May 2010, the information given on it could be deemed to be up to date. All the information regarding the role played by Louis XIV in popularizing court ballet is presented in an illustrative and objective manner. Overall, this webpage makes an interesting

How the news affects stock prices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How the news affects stock prices - Essay Example Research suggests that there is a positive correlation between the political news and the stock prices. Asset prices and returns are determined by the changes in the economic as well as political variables and since the stock returns are expected values therefore the arrival of any news changes these expectations. (Elmendorf, Hirschfield and Weil). The event of 9/11 virtually forced the stock markets of the world to close for couple of days to accommodate the stock prices to adjust to this event and most of the companies especially in airline sector witness complete erosion of their market capitalization within the matter of days after the incident. The Efficient Market Hypothesis suggest that all the news are being discounted into the stock prices as market expect them however with the news like the death of US President through a terrorist attack, this sudden and strong news will cause the major shake up in the stock market and the stock prices of Coke and Microsoft will certainly drop in order to account for the increase uncertainty and risk involved due to the death of US President. EMH suggest that only the unexpected part of the news has the power to shake the market therefore with the news of the murder of the US President market will respond to it in negative way. Previous research conducted on the correlation between the stock prices and the news suggested that there is hardly a correlation between the both however after allowing for different stages of the business cycles, the news has a very positive correlation to the stock prices. (McQueen and Roley). This is particularly true in the news event of the murder of Former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto of Pakistan who was assassinated in the last week of Dec 2007. Though her death caused million of dollars loss to the government of Pakistan as there were widespread riots all over the country but stock prices did not reflected that political event in that much amount as the

Outcomes of the Revolution Essay Example for Free

Outcomes of the Revolution Essay Concord and Lexington The British secretary of state requested an army go to Concord to capture colonist supplies and arrest prevalent leaders. However, the colonists were alerted and met the British in Lexington, where ‘the shot heard around the world’ was fired, sparking a furious gunfire battle. The British then moved onto Concord, but the leaders they were meant to capture had already fled. Also, the colonists rallied there and forced the British to alter their return route to Boston, making their trip heavy with casualties. This sparked the physical battle portion of the war, and led to the American’s first gunfire encounter with their enemy. It also brought the colonists together for this big encounter, and though they suffered casualties, allowed them the small victories of not only firing upon the British, but causing them more casualties than their own troops. Fort Ticonderoga The British planned for General Burgoyne to lead his men South from Canada. In doing so, he captured Fort Ticonderoga and then continued south. This capture gave the British’s plan to isolate New England the firm start it  needed and kept them on plan, though ultimately, the plan turned into a British surrender. Second Continental Congress The Second Continental Congress met to determine if indeed the war had broken out and how the colonists would handle it. They wanted to show they were acting as an independent country without using that term (independent). This was the first major step for the Americans, towards the direction of complete independence from the British Crown. They recognized and supported the war, appointed a general, and offered the Olive Branch Petition to the King, who ignored it. Bunker Hill The British sent troops to capture the colonists’ cannons on Breed’s Hill, which led to the first massive battle of the Revolution. Though the colonists retreated, they had a fatal impact on the British army, causing large amounts of casualties while taking only small numbers of deaths themselves. The Battle of Bunker Hill brought many more colonists to the forefront of the battle, fighting against the British. But, it also made the British realize that the number of colonists were a part of the rebellion, and ultimately turned the rebellion into the revolution, which had much deadlier consequences. Quebec The British took the city from the French and built a stronghold (1759). This battle was the first major American defeat during the war (1775). Two armies attacked Quebec only to be riddled with casualties and death. Many Americans were lost while the British suffered only few issues. This boosted the British armies’ morale and gave them a strong fort to hold supplies and men. It also stopped the Americans from trying to pull the Canadians further into the war, something that played to the British’s benefit. Lake Champlain Fresh off the success of holding Quebec, British forces made way towards Fort Ticonderoga by way of Lake Champlain. Benedict Arnold and his forces met them on the water, and though there was not a victory, the colonists were able to hold them off until a snow storm forced the British back in order to be safe of the weather (History of American Wars, n.d.). This was considered the first naval battle of the war. Trenton George Washington led his men across the Delaware River to capture Trenton, NJ from a small band of Hessians. Though the town really held no strategic importance, it helped boost the men’s morale and kept the Revolutionaries on track. Saratoga The Battle of Saratoga happened in close succession of the capture of Fort Ticonderoga. As General Burgoyne’s soldiers continued with their plan and neared the Hudson River, they were slowed due to various issues and the Continental Army caught them. Ultimately, the British were forced to surrender. The success of this battle led the Americans to realize they could indeed fight and win against the British if they could face them in smaller numbers. This also allowed the French, who had not wanted to step in to help the Americans at this point, see that the battle may not be a losing one. Valley Forge There was no battle at Valley Forge. In fact, it was here the American army went in its most severe of states. They were exhausted, hungry, malnourished and lacked any morale to keep going. But after a matter of months, food eventually came and the troops rallied. This was a huge turning point in the war. Had the troops not recovered and moved on, it is very plausible that the colonists, missing a key general (Washington) and many men, would have ultimately failed in their battle against the British. Cowpens With the British winning battles ibn the South, General Greene took the initiative to divide and conquer the British army in a battle near Cowpens. He used a tactic the British did not recognize and which ultimately cost the redcoats many men. This battle caused another massive blow to the British’s numbers, while boosting morale and skill tactics for the Americans. Yorktown General Cornwallis was ultimately forced to move his men up north to wait for replacements, due to malnourishment and fatigue. Washington, seeing his chance, pursued the weakened army and with help from the French navy, defeated the huge army and forced the British’s surrender. This was considered the final major battle of the Revolutionary War. The crown recognized defeat after Cornwallis’s surrender and ultimately surrender its own fight. Part 2 Complete the grid by describing the effects of the Revolution on each group. Group Role, if any, played in the Revolution Effect of the Revolution on the group Political, economic, or social effects of the war on the group Men colonists The man played the primary role within the Revolution. The fought the political and physical battles, and carried almost all authority within the colonies, militias and political parties. The group certainly was brought together from various religious and cultural backgrounds because of the Revolution. The collaborative efforts of the many nationalities brought forth a change in the colonists. As noted, the wars brought them together and they began to finally see themselves as a new Nation and impacted by their own democracy Women colonists As the British acted to hold onto power, the women colonists began to play a major role. One of their most memorable parts was played when laws regarding tea were changed and the British required only certain merchants to sell. The women stepped forward and boycotted the imported tea. They also played key roles as cooks, nurses and seamstresses for the many soldiers. The Revolution brought out the strength in many women, and drove them to support their men, their freedom and their new country. Many stepped forward to take on tasks and lead their own small revolutions of the British, but also a few even went as far as to join the military under false names and identities in an effort to help the men protect this new land. The Revolution opened many doors for women, though it still did not put them at equal marks with men. Though they were granted more power within their own household, the expectations of raising proper children, education and political silence were expected. It wasn’t until years later that the new States even considered allowing women to have more authority, become land owners, and explore their right to vote. Black slaves and freed Blacks Blacks, both freed and enslaved, fought on both sides, though apparently the British were more open to their precise than the colonists. But their  numbers were small in comparison to the whites. The Revolution cause so much chaos many salves fled their owners. It also sparked the talk of abolishing slavery and slowly states began to recognize freed slaves and move to legally outlaw the importation of slavery. As the more slaves were freed or fled, they created communities and built up their own churches, internal politics and educational systems. Native Americans No impacting role to either sides The Revolution unfortunately increased the impact the colonists had on the Native Americans. They continued to be pushed out of their lands and killed, by way of battle or disease The Native Americans were decreased by significant percentages and completely pushed from their lands. They had little to no power over the changes and were eventually wrangled into small protected areas, which were fractions of the size of what they had prior to the colonists arriving Cite and reference all sourced material consistent with APA guidelines. References: History of American Wars. Battles of the Revolutionary War. (n.d.) Retrieved January 24, 2015. http://www.history-of-american-wars.com/battles-of-the-revolutionary-war.html

Construction Management Procurement Route

Construction Management Procurement Route Cinnamon Grand is the privately owned large hotel chain in UK, they offer comfortable accommodation across the UK and are committed to preserving their rich heritage therefore they are very passionate about the outlook of their hotel buildings. A recent period of bad weather and severe storms has resulted in three Cinnamon Grand hotels being significantly destroyed in the south east of the UK. All destroyed hotel buildings are located in prime locations in town settings. The hotel management has decided to reconstruct the three hotels to a better quality than they were before with budget of  £120 million in two phases. I, Pattusamy Subramanian appointed as a main consultant by the client (cinnamon Grand) for the above projects, as a part of my role is to prepare a report to the client to advise on the most appropriate procurement route for the above project. Purpose of Procurement A Person or Company commissioning construction projects will require an end product which will satisfy their needs as to form a quality and which they can taken possession of the agreed time which they will obtain for a competitive price. It is important that procurement decisions are justifiable on the basis of documented facts and analysis. Soundly based decision involve a comprehensive exploration of a range of potential delivery models and procurement methods to determine the approach best suited to each project, by methodically exploring all available options, projects owners can ensure that opportunities for achieving increased value-for-money. Clients needs Client is very concern about the building features as they have strategy of adopting neglected landmark buildings and bring them back to their former magnificent look. In line with client policy on architectural significance and aesthetics of the buildings, client will invest a great deal of time, cost and effort to ensure that reconstruction is always sensitive and does not compromise the dignity of the buildings and services provided. The client planned to carry out the reconstruction works in two phases as follow; Phase 1: Requires the following areas to be handed over by 28th February 2015 and able to start work on 1st March 2014 (12months) and client Planned to re-opening on 1st April 2015. Roofs Guest rooms Restaurant Swimming pool Phase 2: the intension to enhance opportunities for health and well-being of the visitors through new facilities. The following facilities will be newly constructed under this phase. Dance studios Health and Fitness centre Conference and meeting rooms There are few key points need to consider from the client profile as follows; Client very experienced in renovation of neglected Heritage building. Client did not have an in-house executive to be actively involved in this project design and construction. Client wants to avoid the Project time and cost risks and looking for value for money. Analysis of Procurement route options There are four main key methods of established procurement routes available, each of those involving different types of contract, contractual relationship, information flow, roles and responsibilities with in the team. The Four key procurement routes are; Traditional Non-traditional Design and Build Construction Management Management Contracting 4.1 Traditional Procurement route In the traditional approach, the employer accepts that design work will generally separate from construction, consultants are appointed for design and cost control, and the contractor is responsible for carrying out the works. This responsibility extends to all workmanship and materials, and includes all work by subcontractors and suppliers. The contractor is usually appointed by competitive tendering on complete information, but may if necessary be appointed earlier by negotiation on the basis of partial on notional information. Advantages Accountability and Competitive equity as all tendering contractors bid on the same basis. Design lead and the client is able to have a direct influence which can facilitate a high level of functionality and improve the quality in the overall design. Price certainty at the award of the contract. Variations (changes) to the contract are relatively easy to arrange and manage. Traditional procurement route is very familiar in the market. Disadvantages Process time takes longer to produce the full contract documentation. Tenders documents from an incomplete design can be produced but can lead to less cost and time certainty and may lead to disputes. Overall project duration may be longer than other procurement methods as the strategy is sequential and construction can not be commenced prior to the completion of the design. No input into the project design by the contractor as they are not appointed during the design stage. Risks Cost risk is low due to lump sum contract. Time risk is medium due to fixed contract date but the same time contractor has right to claim extension if time. Quality/design risk is low as the majority of the works designed by consultant who is working for client directly. Suitability Traditional procurement route is not suitable for this project due to no time certainty. 4.2 Design and Build Procurement route Design and Build procurement contractor accepts responsibility for some or all of the design. There should be express reference to this in the contract, and the extent of design liability should always be set out as clearly as possible. Some design and build forms limit the design liability of the contractor to the normal professional duty to exercise reasonable care and skill. Independent consultants engaged by the contractor are therefore under a liability no greater than normal. If the contractor does not have in-house designers, which is often the case, and the contractor uses external consultants, their identity should be established before the tender is accepted. The clients requirements might be stated briefly and simply, perhaps little more than a site plan and schedule of accommodation. On the other hand, they may be a document of several hundred pages with precise specifications. The contractors input might be restricted to taking a scheme design supplied by the client and developing details and production information. It is however better to specify in terms of performance requirement rather than to prescribe in details, because this leaves the responsibility for design and selection with the contractor. With a design and build method, it is possible ensure a quicker start on site, and the close integration of design and build can result in more effective programming. Time, however, is needed by the clients consultant to prepare an adequate set of requirements, and time is needed to compare and evaluate the schemes from the competing tenderers. Once a contract is signed, any changes by the client can prove costly. Advantages Client has to deal with one firm and reduces the need to commit resources and time to contracting designers and contractors separately. Price certainty is obtained before construction commences as clients requirements are specified and changes are not introduced. Overlap of design and construction activities can reduce project time and improved constructability due to contractors input into the design. Disadvantages Difficulties can be experienced by clients in preparing an adequate and sufficiently comprehensive brief. Difficulty in comparing bids since each design will be different, project program will vary between bidders, and prices for the project will be different for each design. Client is required to commit to a concept design at an early stage, often before the detailed designs are complete and design liability is limited to the standard contracts that are available. Risks Cost risk is low due to lump sum contract. Time risk is low due to contractor fix the time and be committed to it. Quality/design risk is high as the contractor control the design limitation, the risks related to the capacity of the contractor to perform the task based on the design. Suitability Design and Build Procurement is most suitable for this project as its giving time and cost certainty and contractor is liable for the all the risks. 4.3 Construction Management Procurement route In construction management route, the construction manager engaged to advise the employer on fees basis. The employer directly involve in the contracts with various specialist contractors throughout the project life. The specilised contractors are direct communicating with employer to get clarification and instruction as this process is faster than the other procurement methods. The construction manager will be co-coordinating the design and construction programs and ensures that the specialist contract packages were considered properly. Through these arrangements, the employer is at substantial risk, however the final responsibility for these issues may be hang on to the employer, depending on the form of contract used. Advantages Potential time savings in overall projects as the design and construction activities are overlapped. Increased competition for construction work due to work packaging. Improved constructability through constructor input into the design. Roles, risks and responsibilities are clear to all parties Flexibility for changes in design. Disadvantages Price certainty is not achieved until the final works packages have been let. Informed and proactive client is required. Client must provide good quality brief to the design team as the design will not be complete until resources have been committed to the project. Close control required on time and information. Client loses direct control of design quality which is influenced by the constructor. Risks Cost risk is medium as it is unknown until the final package has been let. Time risk is medium as the responsible shared by several trade contractors works directly under client. Quality/design risk is low as the link between client, designers and contractors are close. Suitability Construction management procurement is not suitable for this project due to no cost and time certainty. 4.4 Management Contracting Procurement route Management Contracting and Construction Management procurement routes are similar. The only key difference is; In Management Contracts, the client entering into a contract agreement with management contractor who, in turn, contracts with the individual trade contractors. The client pays the cost of the works contracts as well as a management fee for the management services. In Construction Management, the client engaged construction manager on fee basis to arrange trade contractors and monitor them and the individual trade contractors direct contract agreement with the client. The advantages, disadvantages and risks are similar as above stated in the construction management. Suitability Management contracting procurement is not suitable for this project due to no cost and time certainty. Recommendation on appropriate procurement route After appraise through the various methods of procurement routes, considering the client requirements, client resources, project characteristics, project budget, project quality, delivery time and risk factors, I would like to recommend the Design and Build procurement route is an appropriate method for this project in this circumstances. The reasons to reject the other procurement routes are described in detail above and the summery as follow; Traditional procurement route is not suitable for this project due to no time certainty. Construction management and Management contracting procurement are not suitable for this project due to no cost and time certainty. Task 2 Option A Discuss the liability of Alexander contractor to the employer for the additional cost that the employer had to incur as a consequence of being required to employ a more expensive tenderer to carry out the construction project. Scenario given in relevant to Alexander contractor liability The Alexander contractors returned the tender document to the employer with conditions that it is open for acceptance for six weeks. Upon completing the tender review, the employer establishes that the Alexander contractor is its preferred tenderer. However, before the employer is able to write to the contractor to accept its offer, the Alexander contractor wrote to the employer stating that it is withdrawing its tender. Resolution General rules in the contracts There is no contract liability between the tenderer and the employer until the letter of offer is accepted, in the mean time the tenderer may withdraw the tender anytime before the issuance of letter of acceptance. It shows that the Alexander contractor may not be liable to the employer at the same time if the conditions of tendering state any clause like tenderer not able to withdraw till stipulated time, then the Alexander contractor may be liability for breach of the tender conditions. If there is a clause stated in the conditions of tender documents then both party have to appeal to court to settle disputes on the lose and damages, judge will assess the case with the evidence of facts and documents and use the law clauses to make a decision. Reference: Support for this belief come from the leading textbooks on contract law, such as Chitty on contracts. In the Twenty Seventh edition of this famous work, published in 1994, it is stated: The general rule is that an offer may be revoked at any time before it is accepted. The rule applies even though the offeror has promised to keep the offer open for a specified time for such a promise is unsupported by consideration In support of this statement the case of Routledge v. Grant (1824) 4 Bing 653 is quoted where the defendant offered to buy a house giving the plaintiff six weeks to give a definite answer. It was held that the defendant was free to withdraw at any time before acceptance event though the six week period has not expired. The result of this that where a tendering period is very short tenderer sometimes rush to submit a tender seemingly safe in the knowledge that they can check their figures once the tender is submitted, and if errors are found, withdraw their tender at any time prior to acceptance. Discuss the clerks of works power to issue a direction as detailed in the given scenario and its implications on the loss and expenses incurred by the contractor. Scenario given in relevant to clerk of works power The contractor about to start to construct the pile caps then they realized that the concrete quantities in the BOQ are wrong as the sizes of the pile caps had wrongly been transferred from the design drawing in to the BOQ. The contractor re-calculated the quantities as per the drawing and found that the concrete work require 250 cubic meters instead of 160cubic meters shown in the BOQ. The contractor informed the Contract Administrator of this discrepancy in writing and copied to Clerk of Work. The Clerk of Work issued a Direction to construct the pile caps according to the drawing and ignore the quantities shown in BOQ. The Clerk of Works pointed out that the payment would be made on physical measurement of the work. Resolution Clerk of Works is employed by the client and known as Site Inspectors, Site Supervisors or Building Quality Officers, monitor the entire site works for their client. The main responsibility is to make sure that work is carried out to the clients standards, specification and schedule. In most cases, the specifications are prepared by Architects or Engineer employed by the client. Clerk of works make sure that the correct materials and workmanship are used and that the client is given quality work and value for money. Clerk of works are either on site all the time or make regular visits, they need to be vigilant in their inspections, use contract administrator approved drawings and written instruction as a reference and all works must meet the Authorities requirements and client standards. In Scenario stated that the contractor did informed the contract administrator about the pile cap concrete quantity discrepancies and Clerk of work issue directions to proceed the works as per drawing. The contractor has also highlighted that needs to change the concrete curing method due to increase in concrete volume and limited contractor recourses as per original program. The contract administrator issued instruction approving this arrangement. The work was accomplished within four days as per contract administrator approval with increased expenses additional concrete quantities, incurred additional manpower and loss of time (Two days) due to changes in concrete curing method. Hence, under the JCT conditions of contract, the contractor has complied with the contract administrator instruction, which fall under variations in relevant matters and the contractor allowed to claim the loss and expenses from the employer. Reference: (JCT Standard Building Contract with Quantities 2005 Edition Revision 2 2009, Clause 3.4) Clerk of works are authorized to issue directions to the contractor. The direction shall not valid unless confirmed by the contract administrator and issue instruction to the contractor within next 2days, the date of such confirmation shall be deemed the date instruction is issued. (JCT Standard Building Contract with Quantities 2005 Edition Revision 2 2009, Clause 4.23) In the execution of this contract the contractor incurs or is likely to incur direct loss and expense for which he would be reimbursed by a payment under likely to be materially affected by any of the relevant matters (See clause 4.24). Detail the possible claims with respect to the given scenario, the main facts that can be included in the claims and the contractual provisions available to substantiate the claims according to the JCT Standard Building Contract with Quantities 2005 Edition(JCT SBS05) Revision 2 2009. Scenario given in relevant to possible claims Discrepancies in pile cap concrete quantities as per the design drawings, the work require 250 cubic meters instead of 160cubic meters shown in the BOQ. Changes in concrete pile cap concrete curing method due to the pile cap size and concrete volume increased compared to the original program. The first floor collapsed during curing of concrete. It is partially due to structural instability of the existing load bearing walls. Contract administrator decided to replace the damaged ground flooring and repair the walls to carter for structural stability. The employer on several occasions has failed to pay interim payments to the contractor by the final date agreed in the contract. Resolution According to the JCT condition of contracts (clauses 2.14, 2.15, 2.16, 3.14 4.24), the contractor did notified the contract administrator on the discrepancies in concrete quantity and copied clerk of work. The Clerk of work issued direction and subsequently contract administrator issued instruction to proceed. In this case the contractor has complied with the contract administrator instruction and allowed to claim for the additional materials, plant, man power which used to complete the works. The additional works to be measure by standard method of measurement and calculate using schedule of rates stipulated in the contracts. References

I Wish to Follow in the Steps of Hubert Harrison Essay -- Personal Nar

Diversity Statement - I Wish to Follow in the Steps of Hubert Harrison    Hubert Henry Harrison was born in 1883 in St. Croix, Virgin Islands, and became, by the 1920s, one of the nation's most prominent atheists.    Harrison was a controversial figure from an early age. Coming to New York City at 17, he used his knowledge of foreign languages to land a job with the postal service. This permitted him to pursue his passions for learning and writing. This latter pursuit soon landed him in hot water with his bosses, however, when he wrote an article critical of Booker T. Washington, a darling of the establishment.    In 1905 he turned to the law as a profession, but continued his writing, and also became a popular speaker. By age 24 he was contributing book reviews to the Sun, the Tribune, The Nation, and The New Republic.    Harrison served as editor of the magazine The Masses for four years. Soon, Harrison was one of the foremost intellectuals of the Harlem Renaissance, which was marked by a number of exciting, talented freethinkers.    Harrison's knowledge ... ...as too much to overcome, especially in addition to the racial prejudice which Harrison faced.    The measure of his success is not to be found in the history books, but in the recollections of those who knew and were influenced by him, and the contemporary press accounts of his achievements.    Harrison died in New York at the age of only 44. He left a legacy as one of the most outstanding persons of his day, a champion of the underprivileged and oppressed, a freethinker who overcame many obstacles to become a man to be admired by all.

Free College Admissions Essays: Hockey or Harvard? -- College Admissio

Hockey or Harvard?    In 1993, the Harold C. Case Scholarship for outstanding academic achievement was awarded to fourteen students in the Boston University junior class. I was one of two students in the College of Communication and one of two students in the School of Management to receive the award.   I view this award as recognition of the difficult journey I undertook to become the first person in the history of Boston University to combine a broadcast journalism degree with a business degree.   Although the university allowed students to pursue dual degrees, it was highly discouraged for someone to attempt to dual major in two professional schools. Some people believed that I was stubborn when I would not accept this. By carefully planning my courses from the start to satisfy the requirements of both degrees and by enlisting the support of key advisors, I succeeded in four years.    For many years, my claim to fame was that I had never been outside the Eastern time zone. That changed in 1996 when I flew to San Francisco, but I still had never left the...

Countess Elizabeth Bathory of Hungary :: essays research papers

Countess Elizabeth Bathory of Hungary Thesis Statement: Through her intriguing personality, physical attributes, political intuitiveness, and her distorted moral/family values, Countess Elizabeth Bathory of Hungary has led the life of one of the most fascinating yet neurotic leaders in all of Transylvania’s history. I. Countess Elizabeth Bathory of Hungary, born in 1560, retained a childhood of sheer disgust hidden behind the curtain of royalty. A. During her childhood, she witnessed horrific trials and sentences carried out under her family’s officials. B. Such experiences resulted in seizures that were believed at that time to make her neurotic. C. At the age of 14, she delivered an illegitimate child. The following year she was married to Count Ferencz Nadasdy. II. With her husband away at battle, she became supreme leader of the land, taking full advantage of the role as countess and head. A. While remaining in the castle, she quickly grew bored. She entertained herself by simply torturing her servants and delving into witchcraft. B. She harshly beat her servants constantly and was taught by her new nurse, Darvulia, in the ways of torture and witchcraft. C. Her servants could say nothing about the battering (legally) because they were of lower class than their mistress. III. After years at the castle, she began to realize the one thing she counted on the most, her beauty, began to wane. A. One day as a servant was addressing her mistress’ headdress, she pulled the hair too hard and Elizabeth slapped her. Blood spurted onto her hand. As she wiped it away, wrinkles seemed to disappear. B. Turning to witchcraft once again, Darvulia explained the only way to regain lost youth was to bathe in virgin blood. C. As a result, 650 virgins, each of noble and pesantry class, were brought before her. D. They were tormented, slaughtered and buried. Some bodies were eventually thrown to wolves. IV. Torturing techniques written in her diary as well corpses that were eventually found lead up to her two trials in 1612. A. Witnesses, as well as Elizabeth’s other helpers, stated all they knew when they were present. B. One found her diary covered in names and techniques used. C.

Managing Quality in Partnership Working with Service Users

Central College London Module Study Guide G: Managing Quality in Partnership Working Graduate Diploma in Health and Social Care – Level 5 Module G: Managing Quality in Partnership Working The learner will: 1 Understand differing perspectives of quality and partnership working in relation to health and social care services Partnership: empowerment; independence; autonomy; power; informed choice; staff and organisation groups eg statutory, voluntary, private, independent, charitable; service usersQuality: audit; quality control; role of agencies eg Care Quality Commission, NICE; role of staff and users; quality perspectives eg Servqual-Zeithaml, Parasuraman and Berry; technical quality; functional quality http://areas. kenan-flagler. unc. edu/Marketing/FacultyStaff/zeithaml/Selected%20Publications/SERVQUAL-%20A%20Multiple-Item%20Scale%20for%20Measuring%20Consumer%20Perceptions%20of%20Service%20Quality. pdf The learner can: 1. 1 Discuss the philosophy of working in partnership in health and social care 1. Analyse the role of external agencies in setting standards and the impact this has on service quality The learner will: 2 Understand how to promote partnership philosophies and relationships in health and social care services Partnership working: empowerment; theories of collaborative working; informed decision making; confidentiality; professional roles and responsibilities; models of working eg unified, coordinated, coalition and hybrid models; management structures; communication methods; inter-disciplinary and inter-agency working and joint working agreements.Legislation: current and relevant legislation eg safeguarding, equality, diversity, disability, data protection Organisational practices and policies: current and relevant practices; agreed ways of working; services planning procedures and employment practices for different bodies ie statutory, voluntary, specialist units; risk assessment procedures The learner can: 2. 1 Compare models of partners hip working and discuss how differences in working practices and policies affect collaborative working across the sector 2. Evaluate current legislation and organisational practices and policies for partnership working in health and social care The learner will: 3Understand strategies for achieving quality in health and social care services Standards: minimum standards; best practice; benchmarks; performance indicators; charters; codes of practice; legislation eg local, national, European Implementing quality: planning, policies and procedures; target setting; audit; monitoring; review; resources (financial, equipment, personnel, accommodation); communication; information; adapting to changeBarriers: external (inter-agency interactions, legislation, social policy); internal (risks, resources, organisational structures, interactions between people) The learner can: 3. 1 Explain the standards that exist in health and social care for measuring quality 3. 2 Evaluate different approaches to implementing quality systems 3. 3 Analyse potential barriers to delivery of quality health and social care services The learner will: 4Evaluate the outcomes of partnership working for users of services, professionals and organisations in health and social care servicesOutcomes for service users: positive eg improved services, empowerment, autonomy, informed decision making; negative eg neglect, abuse, harm, anger, miscommunication, information overload, confusion, duplication of service provision, disempowerment Outcomes for professionals: positive eg coordinated service provision, professional approach, clear roles and responsibilities, organised communication, preventing mistakes, efficient use of resources; negative eg professional conflict, miscommunication, time wasting, mismanagement of fundingOutcomes for organisations: positive eg coherent approach, shared principles, comprehensive service provision, common working practices, integrated services; negative eg communicatio n breakdown, disjointed service provision, increased costs, loss of shared purpose Barriers to partnership working: lack of understanding of roles and responsibilities; negative attitudes; lack of communication; not sharing information; different priorities; different attitudes and valuesStrategies to improve outcomes: communication; information sharing; consultation; negotiation; models of empowerment; collective multi-agency working; dealing with conflict; stakeholder analysis The learner can: 4. 1 Analyse outcomes and barriers for partnership working for users of services, professionals and organisations 4. 2 Describe strategies to improve outcomes for partnership working in health and social care services The learner will: 5 Understand methodologies for evaluating health and social care service qualityMethods for assessing quality: questionnaires; focus groups; structured ans semi-structured interviews; panels, complaints procedures; open forums Perspectives: external eg inspect ion agencies; internal eg service standards; continuous improvement : mechanisms eg consultation, panels, user managed services The learner can: 5. 1 Analyse methods for evaluating health and social care service quality with regards to external and internal perspectives 5. 2 Discuss the impact that involving users of services in the evaluation process has on service quality ————————————————- Internal Assessment Guidance – Module D:Task 1 – Type of evidence: Presentation Assessment criteria: 1. 1, 1. 2, 4. 1, 4. 2 Additional information: Constitutes 30% of module mark Activity Review how a local health or social care provider engages with relevant partners in the delivery of their service, and how this can impact on the quality of the service they provide. You may already be familiar with this health or social care provider and have some knowledge of their app roach to partnership and quality standards OR you can choose a provider and analyse their practice based on the information contained: * Within their marketing / promotional material On their website * Within their latest report from the Care Quality Commission (CQC) Please note in order to maintain confidentiality you can only refer to information that is available within the public domain Review their practice and answer the following questions in your presentation: a) How do they work in partnership with: outside agencies; specialist services; service users; professional bodies; voluntary and other organisations? (1. 1) b) How do these partnerships impact the quality of service provided? 1. 2) c) Analyse outcomes and barriers for partnership working with service users within this service (4. 1) d) Describe strategies that could improve outcomes for partnership working within this service (4. 2) You will need to prepare a presentation of approximately 10 minutes duration to illust rate your answers to the questions above. In your presentation you need to include copies of slides and presentation notes and submit a copy to your assessor. Your final slide should list correctly any references used.Presentation date: Week 3 Task 2 – Type of evidence: Report Assessment criteria: All of 2, 3 and 5. Constitutes 50% of the module mark Additional information: Word limit 1500 words Activity Using information available related to the health or social care provider that was the focus of your presentation for Task 1, submit a report answering the following questions: 1) Identify positive aspects of partnership practice within the service, and discuss how partnership practice could be improved (2. ) 2) Evaluate how relevant legislation is implemented to affect organisational practice related to partnership working (2. 2) 3) Explain at least five standards that exist for measuring quality (3. 1) 4) Identify and evaluate approaches to implementing quality systems (3. 2) 5) Analyse any barriers or potential barriers to delivering a good quality service (3. 3) 6) Analyse methods used for evaluating the quality of the service provided (5. 1) 7) Discuss the impact of any involvement of services users in the evaluation of service quality (5. 2)In order to promote confidentiality, ensure that you only refer to material and information that is available within the public domain. All sources of evidence should be accurately referenced at the end of your report. Task 3- Essay (500-700 words) . This will constitute 20% of the module mark. Reflect and write an essay which will identify what you have learned from this module to include personal strengths and weaknesses during the learning process. Highlight any need that will require development for the future which would enhance your employability. Submission date: 17/05/2013

Girls’ State Essay

I hope to attend the Rhododendron Girls State Program. My attendance would drastically assist me in all of my future endeavors. It would provide me with an opportunity to join the over 30,000 girls who have already benefited from the citizenship, leadership, and patriotism training. This nationally recognized program would help me academically excel above others. Besides looking great in general on my college application, it could provide me with a chance to receive scholarships. After high school, I currently plan to continue my education at either West Liberty University or Ohio University.I want to take a dual major of biology and chemistry; these majors are important because I want to be Pre-Medicine. Along with a rigorous curriculum, I hope to play collegiate softball. After college, I will again further my education by going to a school of medicine in order to become an orthopedic surgeon. When I apply for admittance into these schools, they will take into account programs such as Girls State causing them to perceive me as a better choice than those who did not attend such programs.Since I will soon be of voting age, I am interested in acquiring a better understanding and deeper regard for my nation’s legacy of freedom and democracy. Running for offices, registering to vote, and delivering speeches will give me first-hand experience for the real world. My nation’s history is unique and the founding fathers of America would be proud to see youth learning about the government they created.

Blood Brothers Essay

You are the director of a new production of blood brothers. Give advice to the actors playing the roles of Eddie and Mickey about how to tackle the age changes. You must comment on at least two scenes in detail. If you have seen a production of Blood Brothers you may also refer to this. In the scene when you both meet for the first time you must consider your body language. You must consider how an eight year old would walk and stand. An eight year old would have fewer worries than someone who is older than them so they would walk not really paying much attention to what is around them. You would also have to think how someone who is better off would walk compared to someone who is from a less well off background. You have got to consider how to use the tone of your voice. At first they were a bit shy. But after they first met you would have to consider how an eight year old would not be shy so they would say anything so say your lines so the audience have no clue to what you will say next. Another important factor to consider is the way you deliver your lines. You should deliver your lines in a free flowing way. When they are swearing you should not feel like people might be offended. In the scene when you Mickey and Eddie meet for the first time after they have both moved to the country you should pay attention to your body language. This time Eddie and Mickey are both 16 – 17 years olds. So you have to think about how a 16 – 17 year old would act. A 16 – 17 year old would have more problems than a person of 8 years old but still not as many as an older person. You still have to consider how a person who is better off would act compared to a person from the ghetto. Again you would have to consider the tone of your voice. You would expect a teenager to swear more and they may speak with a slight mumble. Again you should consider the way you deliver your lines. In the scene when Mickey is trying to kill Eddie you should again pay attention to your body language. This time Eddie and Mickey are both in they’re thirty’s. Mickey is depressed and he has a lot of problems an example of which was that he was put in jail for his brother shooting someone. While Eddie on the other hand has few, because he has a successful business. Mickey has just realised that Eddie is seeing his girlfriend Linda. When Mickey is pointing the gun at Eddie, Eddie has to act scared because he fears for his life. Mickey is holding the gun so that he feels in control instead of having Eddie control his life. Mickey has to act confused because Eddie made his life; he gave him a job and a nice home. You again have to consider the tone of your voice. Mickey should say his lines in a sort of stuttery way. Eddie should deliver his lines in a scared voice, while Mickey should deliver his lines in a scared and confused way.

“Death Penalty” Pros and Cons

â€Å"Death Penalty† Pros and Cons Francisco X. Lendor Introduction to Criminal Justice (1102 CCJS100 4021) Due on: Tuesday, March 26, 2011 â€Å"Death Penalty† – Pros and Cons History over the years has taught us of many different ways on how to control or punish people who don’t follow the rules and laws imposed by society and courts. These are adopted by society to establish behavior standards. Whether some of them are effective or not, these must be respected in order to not fall into a severe punishment like the death penalty. Aâ€Å"The enormity of killing one’s fellow man with premeditation is the principal reason for the existence of the death penalty. † Throughout history, death penalty has been debated in many different ways. Groups protesting bring up their point of views with their pros and cons to defend their position in favor or against this punishment. A perfect example of why some groups oppose to this penalty is discussed in articles 1â€Å"Anti-death penalty groups raising money for exonoree Anthony Graves†, by Diane Jennings, and in 2â€Å"Testimony to begin today in death penalty trial of man accused of killing wife, stepdaughter and showing stepsons their bodies†, by Jennifer Emily. In the first article, a group from the Texas Moratorium Network was raising money to help, in this case, Anthony Graves. Graves spent 18 years in jail for murders he never committed, and was finally released from the â€Å"death row† from Texas after prosecutors declared him innocent. On the other hand, on the second article, Gary Green was facing a final decision to be convicted of capital murder in Texas. After stabbing his wife, he killed her 6-year-old daughter and proceeded to show their bodies to his stepsons. Jurors in this case were to decide Bâ€Å"whether to impose a death sentence or send him to prison for life without parole. † Death penalty brings positive and negative contributions to society. Even though, there have been a lot of proven mistakes when imposing it, and it still shows to be unsuccessful on removing evil from society. One of the pros death penalty contributes to society is that it deters some population from committing murder. It also gives peace of mind to the victim and their families and puts an end to the crime. Also, the fear of the highest form of punishment will keep potential victims alive. Sometimes families of the victims begin their healing process once the murderer is put to death. Politically seen, it also gives pride to politicians and some others may even secure their â€Å"positions† by taking a well known murder case to a closing point. Proponents of the death penalty say Câ€Å"it is an important tool for preserving law and order, deters crime, and costs less than life imprisonment. † They also argue that Dâ€Å"retribution helps console grieving families, and ensures that the perpetrators of heinous crimes never have an opportunity to cause future tragedy. † But it comes to the fact that these arguments just help them justify their support to punishment, while it is still not supported by a majority. Society still has a lot of issues against the death penalty. One of the most commonly questions people ask themselves is; what would it accomplish to put someone on death row? If the victim is already dead, you cannot bring him back. It is not true that the opponents feel â€Å"fear of death† will prevent one of committing murder. Statistics show that most of the murders are done on the heat of passion when a person is unable to think rationally. Therefore, how can one think of fear in the â€Å"heat of passion? † Opponents also argue the fact that there have been a lot of cases where the person being convicted was mistakenly accused. Worse than that, many have often been mistakenly killed due to the capital punishment process, and it is often inconsistently and arbitrarily applied. For Christians, a perfect example of a person driven to the death row being â€Å"mistakenly accused† was Jesus. Legitimate murderers, in the bible, were granted freedom and forgiveness, but Jesus was convicted, accused, and finally killed. This argument is mostly used by religious activists and protesters against the death penalty. People with deep-rooted belief to religious viewpoint often defend the right to life above any punishment that will threaten or jeopardize it. Based on the information published in both articles resumed above, and over the internet, I conclude that death penalty is not a deterrent, as violent crime rates show to be consistently higher in death penalty jurisdictions. Whether you are a hardened criminal or a government representing the people, killing another human being is wrong. It is wrong from the eyes of the â€Å"justice†, and so it is wrong viewed from the eyes of God or the â€Å"Supreme Being† in which we believe. Keeping killers off the streets for good through the Life Without Parole (LWOP) also prevents re-offending without having to harm murderers’ life. As Voltaire once wrote; Eâ€Å"let the punishments of criminals be useful. A hanged man is good for nothing; a man condemned to public works still serves the country, and is a good living lesson. † BIBLIOGRAPHY . UMUC Library: Guide to Criminal Justice  Resources—UMUC Article: Anti-death penalty groups raising money for exonoree Anthony Graves, by Diane Jennings – Reporter of Dallas Morning News UMUC Library: Guide to Criminal Justice  Resources—UMUC Article: â€Å"Testimony to begin today in death penalty trial of man accused of killing wife, stepdaughter and showing stepsons their bodies†, by Jennifer Emily – Reporter of Dallas Morning News REFERENCES â€Å"CITED† TIME in Partnership with CNN (online): http://www. time. com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,905684,00. html 2nd paragraph of: UMUC Library: Guide to Criminal Justice  Resources—UMUC Article: â€Å"Testimony to begin today in death penalty trial of man accused of killing wife, stepdaughter and showing stepsons their bodies†, by Jennifer Emily – Reporter of Dallas Morning News 2nd paragraph of: http://deathpenalty. procon. org/ 2nd paragraph of: http://deathpenalty. procon. org/ http://www. deathpenaltyinfo. org/

Interact between acient Mesopotamia and theis enviroment Essay

Interact between acient Mesopotamia and theis enviroment - Essay Example The people believed in a repulsion between animals and humans. This is the reason why the trapper used a woman to seduce Enkidu so that when the animals noticed that Enkidu laid with a woman, they left him. Natural diet including both vegetarian and non-vegetarian diet was considered as the source of strength in the Mesopotamian civilization. â€Å"Enkidu ate grass in the hills with the gazelle and lurked with wild beasts at the water-holes† (26). Eating natural grass was considered as the source of strength as Enkidu was believed to have gained his strength from eating the wild grass of the hills with the gazelle. As Ninsun says to Gilgamesh, â€Å"He is the strongest of wild creatures, the stuff of Anu; born in the grass-lands and the wild hills reared him† (28). Likewise, when Enkidu entered Uruk, the people spoke of connections between his strength and the natural diet he consumed; â€Å"This is the one who was reared on the milk of wild beasts. His is the greatest strength† (29). The people of Uruk had a strong belief in the physical strength of animals in general and the bulls in particular which is why Gilgamesh’s strength is compared to that of a wild bull. Similarly, when Enkidu encounters Gilgamesh at the gate of the home where Gilgamesh is about to make love to the bride, the strength of both Gilgamesh and Enkidu is compared to the strength of bulls in these words, â€Å"†¦so they grappled, holding each other like bulls. They broke the doorposts and the walls shook, they snorted like bulls locked together† (29). When Gilgamesh throws Enkidu during the fight, Enkidu attributes the strength of Gilgamesh to the strength of his mother, â€Å"There is not another like you in the world. Ninsun, who is as strong as a wild ox in the byre, she was the mother who bore you†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (29). Concluding, the Mesopotamian civilization considered natural diet including grass and the milk of animals as the source of strength. Natural diet was probably

Licensed practical nurse resume (Just out of school) Essay

Licensed practical nurse resume (Just out of school) - Essay Example As a healthcare professional and strong patient advocate, I am committed to deliver quality and individualized patient care. As part of a team, I have developed through experience clinical, administrative and interpersonal skills that supports and enhances the team effort and overall efficiency. Moreover, I have proven ability to influence and collaborate with diverse people and teams through effective communication, negotiation and conflict management. As a worker, I easily grasp new concepts, take direction and apply appropriately to resolve problems effectively which is complemented by my strong medical office management skills; knowledge of a variety of computer programs and data entry I have been in the Army National Guard since 2003, as a communications operator. I am a Noncommissioned officer (supervisor) in the Army National Guard. I have worked as a temporary manager in various areas of the Guard, such as an On-the-Job Training Manager. My work experience as a supervisor has greatly developed my work ethics such as discipline, commitment, and responsibility which is highly-valued in the nursing profession. Being a former Communications officer, I am able to make decisions and immediately act on them given the limited time and information in critical and dangerous situations My experience as temporary manager in various areas of the Guard reflects my flexibility, strong work orientation, and ability to implement rules and supervise

Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Development Essay

Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Development - Essay Example Businesses are facing an increasing pressure to adopt Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in its agenda of growth. Companies have realized that practicing unacceptable processes carry not only legal risks but also the risk of businesses not performing well. Though business leaders realize that CSR is an integral part of a business performance, often the justifications of incorporating it into the business process are unclear. The most justification given in support of CSR highlights the ‘trade-off’ between business and society rather than the ‘interdependence’ of the two. It is seen that businesses view CSR as means to secure the goodwill and reputation of the business, with all the stakeholders, a moral obligation to support ethical values and meeting the needs of sustainable development. What is missed out in this is the reality; the fulfillment of the social objectives of a business actually enhances the economic objectives of the business in the long-r un. That this is possible has been proved by many companies. PepsiCo India has employed various processes to optimise water usage and minimise water wastage. Across its manufacturing plants in India, PepsiCo has installed water recovery equipment and has bettered the water management through recycling and reuse in cooling towers, flushes and gardens. The company has also made it a standard practice to harvest rainwater either by collecting rainwater in ponds that have been excavated for this purpose or by roof-water harvesting.   PepsiCo plants in Bharuch, Bazpur, Palakkad, Jainpur, Panipat, Channo, Pune, Mahul and other places, in India, follow this as a standard practice. PepsiCo has also ventured into community water projects and watershed management programmes. The company has saved an approximate two billion litres of water in two years, from the start of this initiative, build its image as a socially responsible business house and to top it all has done very well with its bo ttled water and non-carbonated beverages. Another case in point is that of Nestl, which entered the poverty ridden Moga region in India. Poor soil, small tracts of land, droughts, animals suffering from disease and non-existent market, all sorts of challenges were existent here, till Nestl entered Moga in 1962. The company started with establishing milk purchasing organizations in the area and by creating infrastructure in the form of dairies with refrigeration, veterinarians, nutritionists and agronomists to advice farmers and medicine and supplements for the animals. Water supply facilities were also arranged

About positive message Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

About positive message - Essay Example The grooming of the workforce is a win-win situation. It is a strategy which will not only benefit the organization but it will also help the employees to improve their market worth which can be cashed on later. There are some rules and regulation while taking any course. These rules and regulations must be followed by the employees so that they can get maximum benefits without any hindrance. Employees are entitled to receive scholarship for those courses which are related to their current job. Initially the courses are being offered for the permanent employees however we also believe that our temporary workers will try to work hard to get the status of permanent employee so that they can also make their market worth through these courses. Tuition fee is considered as one of the major chunk of any study. Therefore the organization has already made an arrangement for it and we hope that employees will make the arrangement for other expenses like books and stationary at their own expense. Grade ‘C’ will be considered as a mandatory requirement for the reimbursement of approved applications of the employees. Temporary employees can take some benefits from the scholarship after the completion of their probationary period with the company. Employees interested in under-graduate programs will be better of since the undergraduate programs are not taxed as per the rules of the taxation. There are very few organizations that care about the workforce to such an extent. However we also believe that these facilities are not only benefiting the employees but such a grooming is also enhancing the goodwill of the organization. We believe that employees should consider it as a life time opportunity and try to give maximum time to their courses after the completion of their work. Work experience can not benefit alone. Many HR managers expect that employees should keep themselves up to date with the latest developments related to their field. For example if

Risk Management College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Risk Management College - Essay Example When the market goes up by 10%, stock B goes down by 3%. A combination of the two stocks will reduce total potential returns (since stock B is under-performing), but also reduce portfolio viability as compared to market changes. Whereas the two stocks are influenced by the market (which is the very definition of systematic risk), they change in opposite directions, which will reduce total portfolio risk. No, portfolio diversification to betas cannot entirely remove potential market risks. While unsystematic risks are eliminated in a larger portfolio, market risks still that affect most of the assets/stocks in a portfolio are not. Even entirely diversified portfolio stocks are vulnerable to market changes. Furthermore, beta coefficients are more reliable for short-term risk-assessment and can be misleading in the long-run. This is so, because beta coefficients mostly reflect past price movements, and are not reliable indicators for assets/stocks with no or recent price history (McClure, B., 2004) IPO, or the Initial Price Offering is the process of bringing private companies to the public market for the first time. The IPO represents a significant stage in the growth of a company, because it provides access to public capital markets and increases company credibility and exposure. Companies usually decide to go public because they need access to additional capital to implement long-term business strategies or use funds for acquisitions. Furthermore, this is capital that does not have to be repaid and does not involve interest payments. IPO also gives opportunities for new future stock offerings. Companies go public also to get media attention. Nowadays IPOs are used as marketing instruments to increase public awareness, and enhance brand name recognition. In other cases companies may go public to change management style and settle managerial problems using the challenging approach of capital restructuring. Task 4: What Steps Are Involved With Taking A Company Public When a company wants to offer their stock to the general public for the first time, the first step is the announcement of its intent (1), and then it usually asks an "underwriter"(2) - usually an investment banking company - to undertake this operation - in return for a fee. The underwriter agrees to pay the issuer a certain number of shares at a certain price, and then resell those shares to buyers. The underwriter and the issuer set a tentative date, and issue a preliminary prospectus (3) is with financial and business information about the issuer. The underwriter then gives presentations to people from the brokerage industry (4) to present good investment opportunities. The issuer then releases the stock to the underwriter (5), and the underwriter releases the stoc

Water Use Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Water Use - Essay Example In this paper, the physical planning arrangements for traditional use of water in the world will be discussed so that new ideas can emerge in order to show improvement. Water generally gets to our homes in one of two ways. Either it is delivered by a city/county water department (or maybe from a private company), or people supply their own water, normally from a well. Water delivered to homes is called "public supplied" and water that people supply themselves is called "self supplied." People who supply their own water almost always use ground. The vast majority of America's population gets their water delivered from a public-supply system. This makes sense, as America's population now largely live in urban centers" (Domestic water use). Therefore, by having physical planning arrangements for water usage could mean economic development will help rural areas to be stronger, which contributes to their survival.With physical planning for use of water, it is very important to have cluste ring in the early stages of development because it helps with survival strategies. From there, this cannot happen until social capital is involved because it will drawn in clustered enterprises.For 2000, withdrawals were an estimated 3,720 Mgal/d or 4,170 thousand acre-feet per year. Self-supplied domestic withdrawals were about 1 percent of total freshwater withdrawals and about 2 percent of total freshwater withdrawals for all categories excluding thermoelectric power.... In order to overcome the issues, we need to consider group thinking and conformity so that everyone can work together. Working on a team can be very rewarding and exciting, but also frustrating if some of the team member are not committed to the team. Building a high performance team requires time, collaboration and most importantly communication. According to Katzenbach and Smith (2004), a team is described as a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable. Group thinking and conformity focuses on the interpersonal transaction between managers and employee. Leaders are seen as engaging in behaviors that maintain a quality interaction between themselves and followers. The company is lacking group thinking and conformity because no one is willing to work together. In order to be an effective company, they have to conform as one so that productivity can be increased to make high p rofits. This effective form of communication and teamwork allowed people in the park with no problems because the team was organized and knew the proper procedure. A successful team also requires active listening, empathy, and being truly committed. With the approach of marketing rural areas, where consumers have the time to pay attention to details and want a small cozy shop, marketers can benefit from it due to the fact it will be in more customers because it adds to convenience, which is what everybody wants. From that, they will make the past relationships with customers stronger since they will feel like they can rely on the company for future development. This will cause the industry to make more long term profits, which is a great benefit. 3. Conclusion

Nutrition programs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nutrition programs - Assignment Example ion (2010), "The costs associated with feeding people in poverty, combined with the costs of treating diet-related diseases, speak strongly of the need for nutrition education" (p. 3). The fact that many individuals in the U.S. today are inundated with unhealthy foods also necessitates the need for nutrition education. In other words, nutrition education presents people with the information they need to help them make informed choices in regards to eating habits. It is not uncommon to find malnourished individuals in the U.S today particularly those from low income backgrounds. As noted by University of Wisconsin (2010), the incidences of malnutrition are as a result of a lesser amount of knowledge on nutrition recommendations and inaccessibility to information among low income families. In this perspective, the nutrition component is imperative in a public nutrition program. Secondly, a public nutrition program must include an evaluation of factors that affect eating practices (Jones, Nobles, and Larke, 2006). Eating practices, according to the World Health Organization (2015) are determined by various factors including level of income, genetics, education level, and social interactions. Understanding these factors is of significance as they form the basis for the formulation of action plans to address the poor eating habits. For instance, evaluating individual level of income can help policy implementers devise relevant or appropriate strategies to improve peoples income level and as a result improve their eating practices correspondingly. Increased level of income, in other words, improves peoples accessibility to healthy foods. To further explicate the importance of assessing the factors that affect eating practices, the World Health Organization (2015) asserts that holding individuals responsible for poor health is inapt as health status is shaped b y other factors. Assessing these other factors is therefore a fundamental factor in achieving program success

Determinants of Students Academic Performance Essay Example for Free

Determinants of Students Academic Performance Essay It is a positive statement when one says that man of modern society is so advanced in education, both in the science and in technology, but won’t mind nor think about what steps he could make or trace what good he could do for his fellowmen. He does not live in terms of attitudes acceptable in the society where he lives. A man today is more conscious of his own personal upliftment, keeps innocent of knowing his worth which would be undeniably great if he is treading the right way. Everyone has a right in education. This is embodied in Article XIV Section I of the Philippine Constitution 1987: The state shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education to all levels and shall take appropriate steps to make such education accessible to all. Schools, colleges, and universities have no work without student. Students are most essential assets for any educational institute. The social and economic development of the country is directly linked with student academic performance. The students performance place an important role in producing the best quality graduates who will become great leader and manpower for the country thus responsible for the country’s economic and social development. So the parents or guardians must do their responsibilities and roles to give what they need in education. Intelligence is not the only determinant of the academic performance of the student. Academic performance of a student is always associated with the many components of learning environment. Learning and teaching environment ought to implement six functions: inform, communicate, collaborate, produce, scaffold, and manage. The key to success in learning-teaching environment lies on people who use it. Hence, in the instructional system, the teacher is the main factor who can spell the difference between success and failure of a student. Another important determinant, which shouldn’t be neglected, is the family. Family is the primary social system for students for all cultures across the region. Religiosity as an aspect of the family environment is another independent variable possibly influencing academic performance. Higher-achieving students are likely to have the following characteristics: positive feelings about their school experiences, attribute their success in high school to such things as hard work, self-discipline, organization, ability, and high motivation, these characteristics vary from person to person and country to country. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM This study determined the related factors to the academic performance of Bachelor of Science in Respiratory Therapy, second year students at Cagayan State University. To attain the aforementioned objective, answer to the following research questions were sought. 1. What is the profile of the BSRT 1st year students in terms of: A. Personal Factors: a. 1. Sex a. 2. Parent’s occupation a. 3. Sibling number a. 4. Physical health a. 5. Student attitude a. 6. Religion or Ethnicity B. School Factors: b. 1. No vision b. 2. Lack of passion b. 3. Lack of personal/work/school/family balance b. 4. Lack of taking advantage of student resources b. 5. Attending the wrong college or university b. 6. Lack of maturity and discipline C. Community Factors: c. 1. School distance from home c. 2. Means of transportation D. Intrinsic Factors: d.1 . Interest d.2 . Ability E. Extrinsic Factors: e.1 Family Factor e.2 Peers F. Aspirations G. Needs A. What are the determinants of the academic performance of the BSRT 1st year students? B. Is there a relationship between the profile and the academic performance of the BSRT 1st year students? C. How do the teachers perceive the academic performance of the BSRT 1st year students? SCOPE AND DELIMINATION OF THE STUDY This research study is centered on the factors related to the academic performance and attitudes of the BSRT 1st year students at Cagayan State University, Andrew’s Campus. The profile of Bachelor of Science in Respiratory Therapy 1st year students in the terms of personal, school and community factors were determined. Likewise, the teacher’s perceptions on the academic performance of the BSRT 1st year students were considered. Furthermore, the relationship between the BSRT 1st year profile and academic performance were also determined. Lastly, the variable that contributes to the variation of the Bachelor of Science in Respiratory Therapy 1st year students’ academic performance was established. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY It is with optimism that the findings of this study would contribute the development of macro educational system particularly at Cagayan State University in terms of the determinants related to the academic performance of BSRT 1st year students. Furthermore, it is hoped that feedback of data gathered would be used as clues for recommending changes for improvement in fulfilling practices, performance that are relevant and responsive to the demand of our educational system. Moreover, result of this study, would guide the teachers in improving their classroom management, instructional methods and strategies to equip their students the needed preparation for their future careers. Likewise, the parents would be made knowledgeable on determinants of academic performance of their child; therefore, they can suit a proper program of activities for their child for a better performance. It is also hoped that this study shall help the school maintain a harmonious relationship with the community in playing its vital role for the progress and development through people empowerment. Summing up, the findings of this study would contribute to the attainment of educational excellence and the national development goal, the conversion of the Philippines into a newly industrialized country. DEFINITION OF TERMS 1. Ability- CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Student academic performances are affected due to social, psychological, economic, environmental, and personal factors. The learning environment refers to the whole range of components and activities within which learning happens (Bahr, Hawks, Wang 1993). A. PERSONAL FACTORS The socio-economic status of students is directly proportional to their scholastic performance. 1. Parents Occupation According to Ruben as cited by Ramiro, (1996) that the effect of low income reflects lack of education or training, physical or mental disability or poor motivation. Students with parents who were both college educated tended to achieve at the highest levels. Income and family size were modestly related to achievement (Ferguson, 1991). Middle class parents tend to be college graduate although some only graduated from high school, and many only reached elementary. Bremberk (1996) found out that an increase in the percentage of parents with college degree and white collar job have a better effect on school performance. Parents’ educational attainment is related to the school achievement of the youth. 2. Sibling Number Children from large families maybe handicapped because they get relatively source of the family’s intellectual resources than those children from smaller families (Draig 1998). 3. Attitudes of the Student Performance and attitudes characteristics are strong determinants of academic achievement as cited by Marcos, (1998). According to Santrock, (1998) when our attitude is based on personal experience our behavior is more likely reflect our attitudes. When we have thought about our attitude towards something and have ready access it, the attitude behavior connection is strengthen. In the words of John Locke, â€Å"The actions of men are the best interpreter of their thoughts†. Ramiro, (1996) mentioned that habits of students are very much related to education. The relationship would contribute something substantial in the academic performance of student in their respective school and homes greatly affect their standing in school. B. SCHOOL FACTORS Education is a continuous process in which every parent aims to give it as a gift to their children for their future. Abracia, (1984) stated that schools was considered as a second home of learners because it is a plays where to know everything; wherein a teacher serves as their parents. 1. No vision According to Wollitkiewics,(1980) Some students do not have a clearly articulated picture of the future they intend to create for themselves. Thus, they may take programs of study without a clear career goal or objective. In essence, they choose the wrong major. 2. Lack of passion In a study conducted by Salinas, (1989) she emphasized that successful students work out of passion, a love for what they want to do, and recognize the importance of the benefit it will bring others as well as themselves. Without passion, study becomes a chore and not a method for achieving clearly defined goals. 3. Lack of personal/work/school/family balance Whatever is going on in a students personal life, will inevitably affect whats going on in school. Whatever is happening in school will affect whats going on in their personal life. A student needs time to be in class, and appropriate time for study. However, there must be time for family, friends, social activities, and time to just be alone. The key is keeping proper balance (Kalko, Elisabeth, K.V., et al. 2006) 4. Lack of taking advantage of student resources There is really no reason for academic failure. According to San Luis, (2003) every college and university has an academic learning center where students can receive peer and faculty tutoring, without charge. Many students fail to seek help. 5. Attending the wrong college or university Tylan, (1998) found that students accept admission into schools they are not familiar with. Thus, they become depressed with their surroundings. Student must be content with their school, its environment, and resources. This, in turn has a negative effect on their studies. 6. Lack of maturity and discipline Some students are just not disciplined and lack good organizational skills. They often fall under the pressure of their peers. (Corpus, 1999) Rather than using good discretion, they feel compelled to follow others (socially), when they really should be attending to their studies. C. INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC FACTORS Intrinsic motivation refers to motivation that is driven by an interest or enjoyment in the task itself. It occurs when people are internally motivated to do something because it either brings them pleasure, they think it is important, or they feel that what they are learning is significant. Students are likely to be intrinsically motivated if they attribute their educational results to factors under their own control, also known as autonomy (http://en.wikipedia .org/wiki/Motivation#intrinsic_and_extrinsic_motivation). Intrinsic means internal or inside of yourself. When you are intrinsically motivated, you enjoy an activity, course or skill development solely for the satisfaction of learning and having fun, and you are determined to be inwardly in order to be competent (http://www.livestrong.com/article/174305-the-difference-between-intrinsic-motivation-extrinsic-motivation). According to Dr. James Gavin, intrinsic motivation is derived from a self-concept, core beliefs, internal need and development opposed to extrinsic motivators which can undermine these motivations. Motives needs to be additive in effect, which means the more reasons you find to motivate yourself to engage in a behavior, the more likely you will continue with and persist in these behaviors. External motivators are typically not additive. Extrinsic motivation, on the other hand, means external or outside of yourself, this type of motivation is everywhere and frequently used within the society throughout your lifetime. When you are motivated to behave, learn, or do based on highly regarded outcome, rather than for fun, development or learning provided within an experience, you are being extrinsically motivated (http://www.livestrong.com/article/174305-the-difference-between-intrinsic-motivation-extrinsic-motivation). 1. Family Probably the strongest influence in our lives is the family we grew up. Our birth order, the personality of our parents, the way we were treated by our siblings, the socio economic status of the family and the place we lived. Besides these tacit influences, our parents taught us all the basics of proper behavior (â€Å"Family influence†.3rd ed. New York. Ronald M. Doctor, Ada P. Kahn 2008). Rollins and Thomas found that high parental control were associated with high achievement. Parents have a crucial role to make sure that every child becomes high achiever. Parental influence has been identified as an important factor affecting student achievement. Philips (1998) also found that parental education and social economic status have an impact on student performance. 2. Influence of Peers Peers groups play a powerful role in shaping identity because the desire to be accepted by one’s peers and â€Å"fit in† with one’s peers often becomes paramount concern for most adolescents. Peer groups are likely to impose negative sanctions upon those who violate what are perceived as established norms of behavior and who attempt to construct identities that deviate significantly from prevailing conceptions of racial and gender identity (http://www.inmotionmagazine.com/er/pntroub1.html). Peers refer to people who are of the same age, educational level, or have the same job or profession. According to Christine Adamec, (2008), a peer group can cause anxieties for an individual because it can arouse feelings of self concept, low self esteem, and other negative attitudes and behavior. CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This chapter presents the research design, the locale of the study, the respondents and sampling procedure, the instrument and statistical tools used to treat the data collected. RESEARCH DESIGN Since this study will determine the academic performances of BSRT 2nd year students at Cagayan State University, the researchers will use the descriptive correlational method. Descriptive method often involves extensive observation and note-taking. It describes data and characteristics about the population or phenomenon being studied. The correlational method of research will also used to deal with their relationship between and among the input, transformation process and output variables. The researchers used this method since the condition and description of the subjects and variables at the time of the study will determine. LOCALE OF THE STUDY The College of Allied Health and Sciences was located at Cagayan State University, Tuguegarao. This was composed of two courses- Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology and Bachelor of Science in Respiratory Therapy. The researchers will only focus to the 2nd year BSRT students. RESEARCH INSTRUMENT The principal instrument used in collecting data needed was questionnaire. It is composed of structured questions regarding personal factors, school factors, community factors, intrinsic factors, extrinsic factors and students’ academic performance, each item will be provided with possible answer for the choices of the respondents. The academic performance of the students will be derived through documentary analysis.